《童年》是高尔基以自身经历为原型创作的自传体小说三部曲中的第一部（其他两部分别为《在人间》《我的大学》）。它讲述的是阿廖沙三岁到十岁这一时期的童年生活。小说从“我”随母亲去投奔外祖父写起，到外祖父叫“我”去“人间”混饭吃结束，生动地再现了19世纪七八十年代俄罗斯下层人民的生活状况。外祖父开了家染坊，但随着家业的衰落，他变得吝啬、贪婪、专横、残暴，经常毒打外祖母和孩子们，狠心地剥削手下的工人。有一次阿列克谢因为染坏了一匹布，竟被他打得昏死过去。幼小的阿廖沙也曾被他用树枝抽得失去知觉。他还暗地里放高利贷，甚至怂恿帮工去偷东西。两个舅舅也是粗野、自私的市侩，整日为争夺家产争吵斗殴，疯狂虐待自己的妻子。在这样一个弥漫着残暴和仇恨的家庭里，幼小的阿廖沙过早地体会到了人间的痛苦和丑恶。然而就是在这样一个可怕的环境里，也不乏温暖与光明。这就是以外祖母为代表的另外一些人，另外一种生活。外祖母慈祥善良，聪明能干，热爱生活，对谁都很忍让，有着圣徒一般的宽大胸怀。她如一盏明灯，照亮了阿廖沙敏感而孤独的心，她还经常讲一些怜悯穷人和弱者、歌颂正义和光明的民间故事给阿廖沙听，她对阿廖沙的影响，正像高尔基后来写的那样：“在她没有来之前，我仿佛是躲在黑暗中睡觉，但她一出现，就把我叫醒了，把我领到光明的地方……是她那对世界无私的爱丰富了我，使我充满坚强的力量以应付困苦的生活。”另外，还有乐观纯朴的小茨冈、正直的老工人格里戈里、献身于科学的知识分子“好事情”，都给过阿廖沙以力量和支持，使他在黑暗污浊的环境中仍保持着生活的勇气和信心，并逐渐成长为一个坚强、勇敢、正直和充满爱心的人。作为一部自传体小说，《童年》讲述的是作家一段沉重的童年往事。对于他所经历过并在心中留下过伤痛记忆的人和事，那些“铅一般沉重的丑事”，作家在叙述的时候，心情不可能是轻松的，因此这部小说的基调在整体上显得严肃、低沉。但另一方面，小说是以一个小孩的眼光来描述的，这样就给一幕幕悲剧场景蒙上了一层天真烂漫的色彩，读起来令人悲哀但又不过于沉重，使人在黑暗中看到光明，在邪恶中看到善良，在冷酷无情中看到人性的光芒，在悲剧的氛围中感受到人们战胜悲剧命运的巨大力量。
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第1个回答 推荐于2017-09-24
童年英文介绍如下：
My Childhood, the first volume of Gorky's autobiographical trilogy, was in part an act of exorcism. It describes a life begun in the raw, remembered with extraordinary charm and poignancy and without bitterness. Of all Gorky's books this is the one that made him the father of Russian literature.
下面补充作者高尔基介绍：
1926. Maxim Gorky, pseudonym of Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov, Soviet novelist, playwright and essayist, who was a founder of social realism. Although known principally as a writer, he was closely associated with the tumultuous revolutionary period of his own country.
My Childhood, the first volume of Gorky's autobiographical trilogy, was in part an act of exorcism. It describes a life begun in the raw, remembered with extraordinary charm and poignancy and without bitterness. Of all Gorky's books this is the one that made him the father of Russian literature.
下面补充作者高尔基介绍：
1926. Maxim Gorky, pseudonym of Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov, Soviet novelist, playwright and essayist, who was a founder of social realism. Although known principally as a writer, he was closely associated with the tumultuous revolutionary period of his own country.
第2个回答 推荐于2017-09-09
1926. Maxim Gorky, pseudonym of Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov, Soviet novelist, playwright and essayist, who was a founder of social realism. Although known principally as a writer, he was closely associated with the tumultuous revolutionary period of his own country. My Childhood, the first volume of Gorky's autobiographical trilogy, was in part an act of exorcism. It describes a life begun in the raw, remembered with extraordinary charm and poignancy and without bitterness. Of all Gorky's books this is the one that made him the father of Russian literature. See other titles by this author available from Kessinger Publishing本回答被提问者采纳
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